韩寒：所谓文化大国（完整文本+视频）
第二次来到厦门，然后这里的空气很好，难怪大家都喜欢散步啊。
嗯，刚才我听邓老师说了一些关于爱国主义的一些东西，那我想到了两句话，我是之前看到的，那是别人说的不是我说的。第一句话是：“爱国主义是流氓最后的庇护所。”；第二句话是：“真正的爱国主义就是要保护这个国家，让这个国家不受到政府的迫害。”
呃，然后今天我准备了一些说的内容，带了一个稿纸，这是为了约束我自己。免得大家受到什么迫害，怕我满嘴跑火车，开始了啊：
各位领导，各位老师，各位同学，大家好。大家知道中国为什么成为不了一个文化大国吗？因为在我们大部分的讲话的时候啊，各位领导永远都是放在第一位的，而各位领导都是没有文化的。不光是这样，他们还是惧怕文化的，是审查文化的，但是呢，他们又能够控制文化。所以说这个国家怎么能够成为文化大国呢，各位领导你们说呢？
其实中国是有成为一个文化大国的潜力的。我给大家讲个故事吧。我要主编一本杂志,到现在都没有出版。然后呢，咱们宪法上有规定啊，每个公民都拥有出版的自由，但是呢我们的王法又有规定，就是领导有不让你出版的自由。
这个杂志呢很多地方在审查上遇到了一些问题，里面有一副漫画，漫画是一张图，主人公是个男的，他没有穿衣服。当然这是不可以的了。因为相关的法律法规规定不能露出那个阴部，在公开的出版物上。但这是我认可，我觉得没有问题。所以我特意把那个杂志特别大的一个LOGO就挡在它那个不合法的部位，[笑]然后突然之间，出版社的审查人员就告诉我说：“这个不可以，你把这个人的中间这个地方啊，挡住了，你这是在暗喻‘党中央’”。
我的反应和大家一样啊，我被雷到了。我当时脑子里就在想，朋友，有时候把你这个惊天地泣鬼神的想象力啊，用在文艺创作上，而不是用在文艺审查上那该有多好啊。通过这个故事我想告诉大家，其实大家都是很有想象力的啊，但是很多事情我们只能想，我们不能去做,不能写,甚至很多场合不能说啊。呃...我们限制太多了，这是一个限制级的国家。在限制级的国家里怎么可能产生非常丰富的文化呢？我已经算是一个限制……自我限制很少的一个同志了，但是在我落笔的时候呢，我就会情不自禁的想，警察不能写，领导不能写，政策不能写，制度不能写，司法不能写，很多历史不能写，西藏不能写，新疆不能写，集会不能写，游行不能写，黄色不能写，焚烧不能写，低俗不能写，呃，高雅我又写不出。谢谢啊，我真的写不出什么高雅的东西，我又不是余秋雨。[大笑鼓掌]
在网络上发表的一些文章啊,尺度已经算是比较大的。有很多写剧本的朋友,我看到一些写剧本的朋友，包括像类似宁财神啊写一些话剧,还有一些电影剧本和电视剧本，他们非常的痛苦。在这样的一个文化环境下，我就开始想，如何成为一个文化大国？除非全世界都只剩下中国，朝鲜还有阿富汗。呃，朝鲜是文化禁地，大家都知道。然后阿富汗是因为国内的局势正在搞不清楚，他们还顾不上文化。但纵然这样,他们都已经有作家写出了《追风筝的人》。当然比较遗憾的是，这不是阿富汗出版的。但我想，一旦阿富汗搞清楚了，也不是没有可能去超过中国。
呃...我们所谓的在国际交流上啊，不能再拿那些四大名著和孔孟之道来说事了，这样就像相亲的时候女方问你有没有钱，你说你祖宗十八辈上有钱，这是，没用的。这个悲剧的造成，我觉得和大家没有任何的关系。虽然说,通往朝鲜的道路，是由每一个沉默的人铺就的。但是，一方面我们当然要比朝鲜要强很多啊，因为大家也都知道朝鲜是什么样子的。另外一方面呢,我相信在座的大家，其实很多人,大家并不沉默啊,大家只是，被和谐了。
呃... 在中国的这个扫黄史上，可能很多同学，我想大家应该都知道，毕竟是大学生，大家都知道虽然现在的一些教材上并没有具体内容，就是邓丽君和刘文正都是黄色的，下流淫秽，但是呢因为听的人多了，所以呢他们就变成了黄色和下流，他们就不淫秽了，但是呢到最后全国人民都在听，所以他们既不黄色也不下流了。
如果我们都能够来反对文化的审查，让我们的屏蔽词里除了那些反人类的词汇以外不再有其他的词汇，那我们才有可能去创造出一个文化的大国，哪怕在这个过程当中，你我的名字都会进入这个屏蔽词库，但是我相信一个屏蔽词库是有它的最大的载重量的，每一个新增加的词汇其实都是在加速它的灭亡。
我希望我们的新闻媒体的从业者，我们的学生、老师，每一个文化的从业者、爱好者们，包括每一个版主，可以努力让我们的屏蔽和审查越来越少。我们的领导们，因为这个领导是和大家分开的啊，所以我们的领导们，我们的政府可以有足够的自信让文化更加的开放。我知道我们的领导很喜欢向国外输出我们的文化，觉得这个是一个强国的象征，但是以现有的文化我觉得实在是输不出去的。我们在创造文化作品的时候，每一个作者每一个从业人员，他们在时刻进行着自我的审查，在这样的一个创作环境下，我觉得怎么能产生像样的文化作品呢？在全世界范围内，你把文艺作品阉割得像新闻联播一样给外国人看，然后企图输出中国的文化，你当外国人是外星人啊。
中国是不是在经济上真正的崛起了，这个呢要等我们的房地产业崩盘了以后再看，现在一切都不好说，但是如果一个国家在文化上他真正的崛起了，那它真的是一个强国，而且我想应该永远不会有崩盘的危险。
最后说回到我们的屏蔽词库，一个屏蔽词库里的词越是多，我们这个国家的文化可能就会越是弱。当然我们的政府会给大家很多的解释，他们会告诉你，我们这么做是为了保护青少年，是为了社会的稳定，文化是自由的。所以他们有权屏蔽任何危害青少年，破坏社会稳定的资讯和文化。但是如果你认同了，迟早有一天你会发现，你在控诉你的遭遇的时候，他们会将你屏蔽，罪名是破坏社会稳定。到了最后，凡是不利于统治阶层的，不利于他们获得利益的言论，都是破坏社会的稳定，都是危害青少年。如果我们当时容忍了绿坝-花季护航的话，那么我们就会看到绿坝-花甲护航，到那个时候就不光光是文化的东西了，所以同学们，我们不能让这一天的到来，否则，在以后，在若干年以后，在你的孙子们，通过卫星接收到的电子课本的历史书上，我们都会是，笑料。
所以…谢谢大家。
英文翻译：
Han Han's Speech At Xiamen University: <The So-called Grand Cultural Nation>
This is my second time in Xiamen. The weather here is great. No wonder people like to go outside and stroll. Hmmm ... I just heard Teacher Deng spoke about certain issues on nationalism. I was reminded of a couple of sayings which I came across them previously. They are other people's words, not mine. The first saying is, "Nationalism is the last refuge of scoundrels." The second sentence is, "True patriotism is to protect this country so that it will not suffer any harm."
For today's talk, I have brought along a written speech in order to constrain myself. Mainly, I don't want you to suffer any harm because I may stray all over the place. Let me begin.
Dear leaders, dear teachers, dear students, how are you? Do you know why China cannot become a grand cultural nation? It is because most of the time when we speak, we put "Dear leaders" first and those leaders are uncultured. Not only that, for they are also afraid of culture, they censor culture and they control culture. So how can such a nation become a grand cultural nation? Dear leaders, what do you say?
Actually, China has the potential to become a grand cultural nation. Let me tell you a story. I am the chief editor of a magazine which has yet to be published. The Constitution states that every citizen has the freedom to publish, but the law also says that the leaders has the freedom not to let you publish. This magazine encountered certain problems during the review process. There is a cartoon drawing. In it, there is a man without clothes -- of course, this is unacceptable because the law says that we cannot exhibit the private parts in a publicly available magazine. I agree with that and I don't have a problem with it. Therefore, I intentionally created an extra-large magazine logo to place at the illegal spot of the cartoon. But unexpectedly, the publisher and the censor told us that this was unacceptable too -- when you cover up the middle part of a person, you are referring to the "Party Central" (note: "party" is a homonym for "block/shield" and "central" can mean either "center" or "middle"). My reaction was like yours -- I was awed and shocked. I thought to myself, "Friend, it would be so wonderful if you could put your awe-inspiring imagination into literary creation instead of literary censorship."
I use this story to tell you that everybody has good imagination. Yet we can only imagine many things but we cannot do them, we cannot write about them and we cannot even talk about them in many situations. We have too many restrictions. This is a restricted country. How can a restricted country produce a rich and abundant culture? I am a comrade who has few restrictions. But when I write, I cannot help but think: I can't write about the police, I can't write about the leaders, I can't write about government policies, I can't write about the system, I can't write about the judiciary, I can't write about many pieces of history, I cannot write about Tibet, I cannot write about Xinjiang, I cannot write about assemblies, I cannot write about demonstration marches, I cannot write about pornography, I cannot write about censorship, I cannot write about art. I am unable to write anything elegant. I am really incapable of writing anything elegant because I am not Yu Qiuyu.
Internet essays have more room. Many friends who write scripts. I know some friends who write scripts (such as Ning Caishen's theatre scripts) and others who write movie scripts. They suffer a lot. Under such a cultural environment, I wonder how can China be a grand cultural nation. Maybe if the world is reduced down to China, North Korea and Afghanistan. Everybody knows that culture is out of bounds in North Korea. In Afghanistan, the situation with the nation is still unclear so they can't be bothered with culture for now. Even so, they have a writer who wrote <The Kite Chaser>, which unfortunately was not published in Afghanistan. I think that once Afghanistan sorts itself out, it may possibly surpass China.
In our so-called international exchanges, we cannot keep bringing out the Four Great Works or the sayings of Confucius and Mencius. We know that this is like a conversation during a marriage interview. The girl's side asks you if you are rich and you reply that your ancestors eighteen generations ago were very rich. That won't help you now. We did not cause this tragedy, even though it is said that the road to North Korea is paved by the silence of everybody. On one hand, we are better than North Korea because we know what it is like there. On the other hand, I think that many of you present today are not silent -- it is just that we are being harmonized.
In the history of the war against pornography in China, many fellow students are aware (even though these facts have been disappeared from the teaching materials) that Teresa Deng and Liu Wenzheng were pornographic, vulgar and indecent once up a time. When too many people listened to them sing, they became pornographic, vulgar and indecent. But when every Chinese person listened to them sing, they were no longer pornographic, vulgar or indecent anymore. If we all oppose cultural censorship so that the the only words left in the database of banned words are anti-human ones, we can create a grand cultural nation. It does not matter if my name or yours get added into the database. I believe that the database has a maximum capacity and every additional word will accelerate its destruction.
I hope that our news media workers, our students, our teachers, our cultural workers and our cultural lovers will try our best to reduce the censorship, and our leaders (who are not the same as our parents) and our government may have sufficient self-confidence to become more open. I know that our leaders like to export our culture because this is a sign of a strong nation. But I feel that our present culture is not exportable. In this creative environment, all writers/workers are constantly censoring themselves. How can any respectable work be produced in this environment? Around the world, you attempt to export Chinese culture by offering works that have been castrated like <Network News> to foreigners. Do you think these foreigners are aliens from outer space? On the issue of whether China has truly risen up economically, I think we should wait until the real estate industry collapses because we cannot tell right now. But if a nation truly rises up culturally, it will be a strong nation and it will never have any fear of collapsing.
Finally, I want to return to the database of banned words. The more words are in that database, the weaker the culture of that nation will be. But our government gives you plenty of explanations. They tell you that this is being done to protect young people and to maintain social stability. Culture is free, so they have the right to censor any information or culture that may endanger young people or destroy social stability. But if you agree with that, then sooner or later that when you complain about what happened to you one day, they will censor you because you are destroying social stability. Any opinion that is disadvantageous to the ruling class or their interests destroys social stability and endangers young people. If we had put up with the Green Dam software back then, we would have Green Dam operating now. When that time comes, we will not just be looking at the demise of culture. So fellow students, we cannot let this day arrive. Otherwise, we will be the laughing stock in the electronic history books that our grandchildren will receive via satellite many years from now.
Thank you, everybody.
感谢欢仔 提供正面拍摄版 （韩寒演讲的完整版）：
http://v.youku.com/v_show/id_37408219.html
感谢 Hwywin 提供完整修订版的文字解说：
http://docs.google.com/View?id=ddk8k9xg_1d6mk5zgp
英文版参见：